SUN, SAND, SOUL
Ocean Drive Miami Beach
Miami's Art Deco history centers on Miami Beach where a 1926 hurricane and the Great Depression paved the way for a 1930s building boom. Architects blended European modernism with a playful regional style know as "Tropical Deco" which is characterized by nautical designs, pastel colors, floral reliefs and "eyebrows" (a shelf structure placed above a window to provide shade from sunlight, cooling the interior) creating the world's largest collection of historic Art Deco and Streamline Moderne buildings. The architectural forces that shaped Miami Beach were Mediterranean Revival, Art Deco and Miami Modern (MiMo).
Ultimately, Miami Beach's embrace of Art Deco was a perfect storm of circumstances: The city needed buildings to accommodate the people, it had the space to do so, and Art Deco was the style at the time. Dozens of architects like Albert Anis, Lawrence Murray Dixon and Henry Hohauser took their Art Deco talents to South Beach.
Grace and Henry Hohauser
In 1933, Grace Hohauser, the wife of Henry Hohauser, suffered from ongoing sinus infections. She needed Miami and so they moved from New York, permanently. In retrospect, Grace's affliction helped bring about the remarkable transformation of Miami Beach and the creation of the world's greatest concentration of art deco architecture.
*Henry Hohauser was a businessman, but he believed he was designing for the ages. Many now share that belief. Henry Hohauser helped build one of the more distinct districts in America with creativity, boldness and budget. In the 1930s and 1940s, Hohauser became one of the defining architects of Miami Beach's Art Deco skyline. His work helped transform a sleepy barrier island into a glamorous resort destination, designing landmarks like the Crescent, the Essex House, the Park Central Hotel, the Century Hotel, the Breakwater, the Raleigh, the Edison, the Henrosa, the Victor, the Avalon, the Tides, the Leslie, the Belmont, the Commodore, the Marlin and the Cardozo Hotel along Ocean Drive. Hohauser relied on inventive geometry, pastel facades, porthole windows and nautical motifs to create buildings that felt modern, playful and unmistakably Miami. Today, his designs remain at the heart of the Miami Beach Art Deco District, one of the largest and most recognizable collections of Art Deco architecture in the world.
Several of Esther Williams' extravagant swimming pool sequences were filmed at The Raleigh. The historic pool is famous for its unique clover-like or fleur-de-lis shape. It was dubbed "the most beautiful pool in America" by Life magazine in 1947 and served as a a glamorous backdrop for Williams. The pool features a shallow permeter with an 8-inch deep warm water shelf running around the edge.
The Raleigh
1775 Collins Avenue
South Miami Beach
The Raleigh is a legendary 1940s Art Deco landmark. The original architect was Lawrence Murray Dixon. In 2024-2017, fashion designer Tommy Hilfiger bought the art Deco landmark with plans to convert it into a private club, but Hurricane Irma's severe 2017 damage forced a sale and the hotel was closed. In 2019-2025, developer Michael Shvo and partners purchased the property for $243 million alongside adjacent parcels (The Richmond and The South Seas) to build a $1 billion ultra-luxury complex and glass residential tower. Plaqued by construction delays, a high-profile broker shakeup and a looming $190 million mortgage it was later sold to NYC-based Nahla Capital in October 2025 ending Shvo's involvement.
The Raleigh is known for its architectural flair and star-studded past. Over its glamorous history since opening in 1941, the Raleigh has hosted numerous iconic celebrities, golden-era movie stars, fashion designers and musicans. Among the musicians were Desi Arnaz who performed with his band on site before his hit show, I Love Lucy. Elizabeth Taylor and Frank Sinatra were frequent quests enchanted by the property. Clark Gable, Sammy Davis Jr. and Andy Warhol visited or lounged aroung the historic Art Deco pool. Its private cabanas once hosted the likes of Audrey Hepburn. Esther Williams, the famous competitive swimmer and actress frequently swam in the hotel's pool. In 2008, Karl Otto Lagerfeld, a German fashion designer who joined Chanel in 1983, hosted a massive, iconic Chanel cruise fashion show at the pool featuring a synchronized swimming team.
In 1995, the Moon Over Miami Ball was held at The Raleigh. Hosted annually from 1978 through the 1990s, the Moon Over Miami ball was a black-tie soiree held as a fundraiser for the Miami Design Preservation League. The event celebrated the theme "Art Deco Latin America" featuring a lively evening with a 1930s nightclub atmosphere. Over the years, the Balls brought in some of the greatest talent in the industry including Cab Calloway, Eartha Kitt, the Xavier Cugat Orchestra, Lionel Hampton and the Swing Classics.
In 1979, thanks to the work of community activist, Barbara Baer Capitman (1920-1990) who led the Art Deco preservation movement in the late 1970s and early 1980s and co-founded the Miami Design Preservation League. The Art Deco District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 14, 1979. It was the first 20th-century historic district in the United States to receive this recognition.
The nonprofit MDPL remains dedicated to preserving, protecting and promoting the architectural character and historical integrity of the Miami Beach Architectural Historic Districts, home to the largest concentration of Art Deco architecture in the world, with more than 800 preserved historic buildings. The district's 800 or so buildings were built to look like ocean liners. The annual Art Deco Weekend festival draws approximately 400,000 locals and visitors.
Barbara Baer Capitman, Champion of Art Deco
"My whole life had been Art Deco. I was born at the beginning of the period and grew up during the height of it. It's a thing of fate."
Capitman was president of the Art Deco Society of America and had organized chapters in cities around the country including Los Angeles to preserve the "decorative arts" style of architecture popular between the two world wars. Although somewhat more whimsical in Miami, the style is exemplified by the Chrysler Building and Radio City Music Hall in New York City, the old Pan Pacific Auditorium and the Times building in Los Angeles. At the time of her passing, Mrs. Capitman was putting together the first World Congress on Art Deco and working on a book "Art Deco U.S.A." She had published a book about Miami Beach's 1930 hotels and other Art Deco buildings called "Deco Delights".
The Crescent
1420 Ocean Drive
Hotel Henrosa
1435 Collins Avenue
The Henrosa is a 3-star boutique historic Art Deco hotel. Built in 1935, originally called the Biarritz Hotel with the last renovation of the lobby entrance added in 1951 by architect Harry O. Nelson. It features 40 elegant rooms. It is located steps from the ocean and the Versace Mansion.
The 1950s
Dorothy Sebastian was a silent screen actress who married Herman Shapiro and bought the Henrosa. The 1950s brought a brand new career for Dorothy when she and her husband ran the hotel . In the beginning she feared she might be bored, but soon she reveled in the busy atmosphere and the opportunity to mix with the public again as a hostess (she was recognizable to many as a former actress). Dorothy was really taken with many of the Cuban visitors that stayed at the hotel and she worked hard to quickly learn Spanish to she could better converse with them. In December of 1955 she traveled to Cuba to visit her new friends made at the Henrosa.
Miami Beach, drenched in neon

















































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